Glossary of Terms - #
All terms listed herein are defined according to their usage within the context of the SCJ Bible Study.
2 Witnesses Mentioned in Revelation chapter 11, these are two individuals who are given power to prophesy for 1,260 days (or 42 months), clothed in sackcloth. They are figuratively identified as “the two olive trees” and “the two lampstands” that stand before the Lord of the earth. Their role is to testify about the work of betrayal and destruction. They are ultimately killed by the beast and then spiritually resurrected after three and a half days. Revelation 11:1-4, Zechariah 4.
2 Macro Covenants The entire Bible is fundamentally structured around two main, overarching covenants that God established with humanity:
1. The Old Testament (Old Covenant): This covenant was given to the physical Israelites, spanning from Genesis to Malachi. Its content included both law (daily instructions) and prophecy (future promises), with clear consequences of blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience. 2. The New Testament (New Covenant): This covenant was established through Jesus and given to believers in Him. It represents what the covenant entails and identifies those who will truly keep it, particularly during the second coming. Luke 22:20.
3 Heavens Revelation chapter 21 describes three types of heavens:
1. The first heaven: Represents the old spiritual and physical order that passes away. 2. The new heaven: Refers to a recreated spiritual and physical order, part of God’s new kingdom. 3. The Holy City, New Jerusalem: This is identified as heaven itself in the spiritual world, which is prophesied to descend to earth. Revelation 21:1-3.
3 Main Events of Revelation The entire book of Revelation, and the overarching flow of the second coming, can be summarized by three main events that unfold in a specific sequence:
1. Betrayal: Refers to the turning away from God’s covenant, often by His chosen people, exemplified by the 7 stars. 2. Destruction: The consequent judgment and ruin that befalls those who betrayed, often brought about by destroyers such as the beast with 7 heads and 10 horns.
3. Salvation: God’s ultimate work of gathering and recreating His people, bringing them into a new kingdom, typically represented by the work of Jesus and the Promised Pastor. This sequence is foundational for understanding the biblical narrative of the end times. 2 Thessalonians 2:1-3, Revelation 1:20, Revelation 13, Revelation 22:8, Revelation 22:16.
3 Mysteries in Revelation The Book of Revelation highlights three key mysteries that were concealed until their appointed time of revelation:
1. The mystery of the seven stars and the seven golden lampstands (Revelation 1:20).
2. The mystery of the prostitute and the beast with seven heads and ten horns (Revelation 17:5-7). 3. The mystery of the Seventh Trumpet (Revelation 10:7). These mysteries imply that their identities and true meanings were not known to humanity until God revealed them through fulfillment. Revelation 1:20, Revelation 10:7, Revelation 17:5-7.
3 Plagues (Sets of Plagues) Revelation outlines three distinct sets of plagues that represent God’s progressive judgments: 1. The seven seals, which are detailed in Revelation chapters 6 and 8. 2. The seven trumpets, described in Revelation chapters 8 and 9. 3. The seven bowls of God’s wrath, presented in Revelation chapter 16. These sets of plagues signify the destruction and judgment that must occur during the fulfillment of Revelation, leading to God’s ultimate triumph. Revelation 6, Revelation 8, Revelation 9, Revelation 16.
3 Types of Israel The concept of “Israel” is understood to evolve through three distinct phases throughout biblical history: 1. Physical Israel: Refers to the literal, national Israel established in the Old Testament. 2. Spiritual Israel: Refers to the spiritual community or church that was formed at Jesus’ first coming. 3. New Spiritual Israel: Refers to the new kingdom and people, symbolized by the 12 tribes, that is established at the time of the second coming of Christ.
3 Types of Revelation The term “revelation,” meaning to open and show something previously hidden, is understood in three categories: 1. Vision Revelation: This refers to prophecies given by God through visions, such as those received by Apostle John on Patmos. 2. Actual Reality Revelation: This is the fulfillment of prophecy, where the prophetic word becomes tangible and real events occur on earth. 3. False Revelation: These are deceptive revelations originated by Satan, intended to confuse and mislead people, often by twisting God’s truth.
3.5 Days This refers to the specific period of time after the two witnesses are spiritually killed by the beast in Revelation chapter 11. They remain unburied for this duration before they are resurrected, signifying their spiritual return to life. Revelation 11.
4 Departments (Mount Zion) Mount Zion is structured with four main departments: the Elderly department, the Men’s department, the Women’s department, and the Young Adults department. This organizational framework is designed to ensure that all members of God’s flock have representation and are managed in an orderly manner, reflecting the hierarchical order of heaven.
4 Fields From the Parable of the Sower, these represent different conditions of the human heart or different responses of people to the word of God. The four fields are: 1.The Path: Represents those who hear the word but do not understand it. 2. Rocky Field: Represents those who receive the word with excitement but it does not take deep root. 3.Thorny Field: Represents those who are consumed by worries and anxieties of life, choking the word. 4. Good Soil: Represents those who hear the word, retain it in their hearts, and persevere to produce abundant fruit. Matthew 13:4, Mark 4:13, Luke 8:15.
4 Living Creatures These figures represent the four archangels who are positioned around God’s throne in heaven. They are described with multiple “eyes” (symbolizing the numerous spirits working under them) and declare “Holy, holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty, who was, and is, and is to come.” They serve as judges over spirits and are instrumental in carrying out God’s will using His word. Revelation 4:6-8, Revelation 5:6.
4 Contents of the Bible The content within the Bible can be broadly categorized into four main types:
1. History: Provides historical accounts that serve as examples and warnings from the past. 2. Moral Teachings/Instructions: Offers principles and guidance to correct and refine one’s spirit, leading to righteous and godly living.
3. Prophecies: Foretells future events, given in advance so that believers can recognize and worship the one true God when these events are fulfilled.
4. Fulfillments: Describes the actual realization of God’s promises and prophetic words on earth. History and moral teachings are likened to “milk,” foundational for spiritual infancy, while prophecy and fulfillment are considered “solid food,” necessary for spiritual maturity and deeper understanding.
4 Types of Pastors The Bible identifies four distinct types of pastors:
1. Pastors of Prophecy: These individuals speak God’s prophetic words (e.g., Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel). 2. Promised Pastor: This is a specific individual who comes in accordance with prophecy to fulfill what God has promised (e.g., Moses, Jesus, and the New John in Revelation). 3. General Pastors: These are pastors who serve the church in general capacities, but do not necessarily fulfill prophecy. 4. False Pastors: These individuals are representatives of Satan, often operating within “Babylon,” who actively hinder the truth and spread lies. The Pharisees are cited as an example of false pastors at the first coming.
5 Key Points to Understand Rebellion, Destruction, and Salvation These points summarize the major themes of Isaiah chapters 1 and 2, which detail the logical flow of God’s work:
1. The vision concerning Judah and Jerusalem (Isaiah 1:1).
2. The betrayal of the Chosen People reared by God (Isaiah 1:2-4).
3. The destruction of the Chosen People by the Gentiles (Isaiah 1:5-31).
4. The place where all Nations must come to learn (Isaiah 2:1-3).
5. Making spears into pruning hooks, signifying an era of peace (Isaiah 2:4). Isaiah 1, Isaiah 2.
5W1H (Who, What, When, Where, Why, How) This investigative method refers to asking and answering the Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How of the fulfillment of Revelation or any prophecy. It is presented as the standard for providing a clear, plain, and detailed explanation of real people, events, and places as they appear in the fulfillment of God’s word, moving beyond speculation or guesswork. This method allows for a comprehensive understanding of God’s work. Revelation 1:1-3.
6 Qualifications to Enter Heaven at the Second Coming These are the essential requirements for believers to enter God’s kingdom and experience salvation during the second coming: 1.Be harvested: Be among those chosen and gathered by God into His new kingdom.
2. Be sealed with God’s word: Have God’s word, including prophecy and its fulfillment, deeply engraved in one’s heart and mind. 3. Belong to one of the 12 tribes of new spiritual Israel: Be part of the newly established spiritual lineage that reflects God’s completed work. 4. Not to add or subtract from Revelation: Understand and adhere to the prophecies and their fulfillment exactly as written, avoiding personal interpretations or omissions, to prevent losing one’s share in the tree of life and in the holy city. 5. Have one’s name in the Book of Life: Ensure one’s name is registered in the heavenly registry of the righteous. 6. Prepare lamps, oil, and wedding clothes: Be spiritually prepared with the word of testimony and righteous actions for the wedding banquet of the Lamb. These qualifications collectively emphasize the importance of understanding and doing God’s will as revealed in the fulfilled word of Revelation. Luke 8:15, Matthew 22, Matthew 25, Revelation 7, Revelation 21:27, Revelation 22:18-19.
Six Times (“After This” Phrase) The crucial phrase “after this” appears six times in the Book of Revelation (Revelation 4:1, 7:1, 7:9, 15:5, 18:1, 19:1). This phrase is highly significant because it indicates the sequential order of events in Revelation, demonstrating that one event occurs after another, even though the chapters themselves may not follow a strict chronological order in terms of their fulfillment. It helps in discerning the timeline of past, present, and future occurrences within the prophetic narrative. Revelation 4:1, Revelation 7:1, Revelation 7:9, Revelation 15:5, Revelation 18:1, Revelation 19:1.
7 Eras (or Periods) of the Bible This is a sequential categorization of God’s work and biblical history, outlining seven distinct periods:
1. Period of Genesis: Spans from Adam until the Israelites entered Egypt, covering approximately 2,500 years. 2. Period of Exodus and the Law: Begins with the Israelites’ exodus from Egypt and their reception of God’s law. 3. Period of the Judges: A time when God raised up individuals to deliver His people from various forms of captivity. 4. Period of the Kings: Marked by the establishment of kingship in Israel at the people’s request. 5. Period of the Prophets: Characterized by God sending prophets to communicate His word to His people. 6. Period of the Gospel and Epistles: Encompasses Jesus’ first coming and the subsequent preaching of the gospel through the apostles’ epistles, lasting approximately 2,000 years. 7. Period of Recreation and Revelation: The current era, where events prophesied in Revelation are being fulfilled, and a new kingdom is being created by God.
7 Lampstands These are a significant symbolic representation in Revelation, identified as the seven churches. Jesus is depicted walking among them, and they are also linked to the seven stars, which represent the seven messengers. Spiritually, a lamp’s function is to provide light in darkness, symbolizing the role of these entities in illuminating the truth. They are also referred to as the seven spirits of God. Revelation 1:20, Revelation 2:1, Revelation 4:1-5, Revelation 5:6.
7 Messengers Also known as the 7 stars in Revelation, these are seven specific individuals within a church who are appointed to prepare the way for Jesus’ second coming. They were originally companions of “New John” and were part of the temple. Jesus instructs John to write letters of repentance to these seven messengers, as detailed in Revelation chapters 2 and 3. Revelation 1:20, Revelation 2, Revelation 3.
7 Seals The Book of Revelation is symbolically sealed with seven seals, which means its prophecies cannot be fully understood until they are opened. This sealing serves to protect God’s divine plan from Satan’s interference. The opening of these seals, beginning in Revelation chapter 5, is initiated by Jesus, who is the only one deemed worthy to reveal their contents. The seven seals also constitute one of the three sets of plagues outlined in Revelation, bringing about judgment. Revelation 5:1-8, Revelation 6, Revelation 8, Isaiah 29:9-13, Daniel 12.
7 Spirits of God These are also referred to as the seven eyes of the Lamb and are depicted standing before God’s throne. These spirits are actively involved throughout Revelation, being sent out into all the earth to observe and work alongside Jesus towards the fulfillment of God’s plan. They are explicitly identified with the seven blazing lamps seen in front of God’s throne in Revelation 4. Revelation 4:1-5, Revelation 5:6.
7 Thunders In Revelation chapter 10, when a mighty angel shouts with a lion’s roar, the seven thunders speak. Apostle John was commanded to seal what they said and not write it down, indicating that their message was not for immediate public revelation. These seven thunders are understood to symbolically represent the seven spirits. Revelation 10:1-4.
7 Basics of Faith These are fundamental principles essential for a true believer in God to maintain, enabling a proper life of faith acknowledged by God: Service, Prayer, Evangelism, Education, Volunteering, Meeting and Offering.(SEEVMO)
8 Steps (of Creation and Recreation) Refers to God’s consistent pattern of working throughout biblical history, involving specific steps in creation and recreation. These steps include selecting a pastor, creating a kingdom, establishing a covenant, the covenant being broken, selection of a new pastor, judgment and salvation, creation of a new kingdom, and a new covenant.
8 Times (Book of Life Mentioned) The Book of Life is explicitly mentioned a total of 8 times throughout the entire Bible. Of these mentions, 6 occurrences are found specifically within the Book of Revelation, which underscores its extreme importance in the context of salvation and God’s final plan. Psalms 69:28, Philippians 4:3, Revelation 3:5, Revelation 13:8, Revelation 17:8, Revelation 20:12, Revelation 20:15, Revelation 21:27.
12 (Twelve) A number representing completeness, often associated with God’s chosen people and the structure of His kingdom. This includes the 12 tribes of Israel (physical, spiritual, and new spiritual), the 12 disciples of Jesus, and the 12 foundations/gates of the Holy City, New Jerusalem.
12 Disciples The 12 disciples of Jesus are honored by having their names inscribed on the 12 foundations of the wall of the Holy City, New Jerusalem, as described in Revelation 21:14. These names are of great importance to the new spiritual Israel, symbolizing the reconstructed kingdom that Jesus prepared. Consequently, the 12 tribes of new spiritual Israel will be named after these 12 disciples. Matthew 10, Matthew 19:27-28, Revelation 21:14, Revelation 3:12, Revelation 3:21.
12 Gates The Holy City, New Jerusalem, is depicted as having 12 gates, with three gates located on each of the four directions: north, south, east, and west. Each of these gates represents a tribe of new spiritual Israel. The gates themselves are described as being made of pearls of different colors, which, when arranged, form a rainbow. Entering the Holy City, New Jerusalem, at Mount Zion, is achieved through these 12 gates. Revelation 21:11-21, Revelation 21:12-14, Revelation 21:19-21.
12 Blessings These are specific conditional blessings promised to those who overcome in Revelation chapters 2 and 3. There are a total of 12 distinct blessings that are bestowed upon individuals who meet the criteria of an overcomer, as outlined in these chapters. Revelation 2, Revelation 3, Revelation 3:12, Revelation 3:21.
12 Tribes of New Spiritual Israel This represents God’s newly created kingdom and people, established after the judgment of the former heaven detailed in Revelation chapter 6. This new spiritual Israel is comprised of two distinct groups: the 144,000, who function in a priestly capacity, and the great multitude in white, who represent the general people of the kingdom. These 12 tribes are named after the 12 disciples of Jesus, and they serve as the gates to the Holy City, New Jerusalem, where those who are sealed by God’s word will gather. Revelation 6, Revelation 7, Revelation 14, Revelation 21:12-14, Revelation 21:27.
22 Chapters (Revelation) The Book of Revelation is structured into 22 chapters, comprising a total of 404 verses. Each of these chapters is associated with a unique title that figuratively encapsulates its key themes or most significant points, providing a summary of the chapter’s content. Revelation 6, Revelation 7, Revelation 12, Revelation 19.
24 Elders These are spiritual beings described as administrators of heaven, seen by John surrounding God’s throne. They are depicted wearing white robes and golden crowns, falling down before the Lamb. They hold harps and golden bowls filled with incense, which are understood to represent the prayers of the saints. They are an integral part of God’s hierarchical and orderly structure in the spiritual realm. Revelation 4:1-5, Revelation 5:8.
27 Books (New Testament) This is the total number of books that make up the New Testament.
39 Books (Old Testament) This is the total number of books that constitute the Old Testament, spanning from Genesis to Malachi. It contains 929 chapters and 23,144 verses.
42 Months A specific period of time during which the beast is given authority to act, particularly in the context of destruction and the trampling of the outer court of the Temple. This period is equivalent to 3.5 years. This period is equivalent to 1,260 days, a time when the holy city is trampled upon. Revelation 11:2, Revelation 13:5.
66 Books (Bible) This refers to the total number of books that comprise the modern Bible, including both the Old and New Testaments. All 66 books are considered to be “God-breathed” and will serve as the standard by which humanity is judged at the final judgment, providing a complete framework for understanding God’s will. Revelation 20:12.
90% (Passing Score) This refers to the required minimum passing score for students on the Bible study tests, particularly emphasized for the Intermediate level. Achieving this score signifies a mastery of the course content.
260 Chapters (New Testament) This is the total number of chapters in the New Testament. The New Testament consists of 27 books and contains 7,957 verses.
404 (Verses) The total number of verses in the Book of Revelation.
666 Known as man’s number. This number, referred to as the “number of his name” and “man’s number” in Revelation 13:18, spiritually represents Satan’s false doctrines and his false pastor. It alludes to a historical precedent in 1 Kings 10:14-15, where Solomon received 666 talents of gold from gentile nations, signifying a connection to worldly wealth and idolatry. Receiving this mark on the forehead symbolically means being appointed as a false pastor, while receiving it on the right hand signifies acknowledging and accepting false doctrines. 1 Kings 10:11-14, Revelation 13:1-18.
929 Chapters (Old Testament) This is the total number of chapters in the Old Testament. The Old Testament comprises 39 books and 23,144 verses.
1,000-Year Reign A specific period mentioned in Revelation chapter 20, during which blessed and holy individuals who participate in the first resurrection will reign with Christ. During these thousand years, Satan is bound, signifying a period where he has no power to deceive the nations or those who partake in the first resurrection. Revelation 20:6, Revelation 20.
1,260 Days This refers to a prophetic period mentioned in Revelation chapter 11. During this time, the outer court of God’s temple is given to the Gentiles, who trample on the holy city. This period is precisely equivalent to 42 months, and it is also the duration during which two witnesses are empowered to prophesy, clothed in sackcloth, before their spiritual death and resurrection. Revelation 11:1-4.
6,000 Years Refers to the approximate duration of human history and God’s work from Adam to the present era, often divided into periods of 2,000 years (Adam to Abraham, Abraham to Jesus, Jesus to the present). This period is considered “elementary” or “in part,” leading up to the “fully known” fulfillment of Revelation. It also denotes the continuous spiritual war between God and Satan that has been waging throughout this period, leading toward God’s ultimate victory.
7,957 Verses (New Testament) This is the total number of verses in the New Testament. The New Testament is composed of 27 books and 260 chapters.
23,144 Verses (Old Testament) This is the total number of verses contained within the Old Testament. The Old Testament comprises 39 books and 929 chapters.
144,000 Identified as firstfruits offered to God, representing the first and best of the harvest. They are redeemed and blameless, and are sealed and appointed as pastors for the priest position in God’s new kingdom. They are part of the newly created 12 tribes of new spiritual Israel. Only they can learn the New Song. Revelation 7:4, Revelation 14:1, Revelation 14:3-5.
144,000 This is a specific, countable number of people, consisting of 12,000 individuals from each of the 12 tribes of new spiritual Israel. These individuals are sealed on their foreheads with God’s word and are designated for a priestly role within God’s kingdom on Mount Zion. They are described as being redeemed from the earth, having the Lamb’s and the Father’s name on their foreheads, and uniquely able to sing a new song. Their spiritual fulfillment is said to precede the gathering of the great multitude. Revelation 7:4, Revelation 14:1-5.
200 Million The number of demons mentioned in Revelation, representing a vast spiritual army. 10,000 Times 10,000 (Angels) In a figurative sense, this phrase refers to a countless number of angels. However, Revelation chapter 9 specifically reveals that Satan actually took a precise number of 200 million angels from God. This distinction highlights how passages that appear figurative can have a concrete, numerical reality when fulfilled. Revelation 9:16.